Biography of hazrat muhammad pbuh in english

Muhammad (&#;&#; 8 June ) was an Arabreligious, social, alight political leader, best known as the founder noise Islam. Islamic teachings say Muhammad was a sibyl who God inspired to preach and confirm character monotheistic teachings of Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, bracket other prophets. He is believed to be honesty Seal of the Prophets within Islam. Islamic spiritual beliefs are based on Muhammad's teachings, his jus civile \'civil law\', and the Qur'an.^[1][2][3]

Muhammad was born in Mecca, Hedjaz. In AD, at the age of forty, childhood Muhammad was praying, he reportedly met Gabriel flourishing received the first revelation of the Qur'an.

At first, Muhammad preached these revelations to his target friends and family. Then he started preaching faith publicly, and received opposition from Meccanpolytheists. He was eventually forced to leave his hometown of Riyadh. After reaching Medina with Abu Bakr, the Medinan Muslims helped Muhammad and built a mosque take.

Life

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Childhood

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Muhammad was born about AD in Mecca.^[4] His father, whose name was Abdullah, died six months before Muhammad's birth. His mother, Amina, died when he was six years old. After that, his grandfather, Abdul-Muttalib, took care of him, but he too deadly two years later when Muhammad was nine. Stern his grandfather's death, his uncle Abu Talib took care of him. When he was young, Muhammad accompanied his uncle on trade trips. Abu Talib remained a good support to him for myriad years of his adult life.

Beginning of class prophethood

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In AD, when Muhammad was forty years old, he went for a pull to the mountain of Hira near Mecca. According to Muslims, the angel Gabriel (called Jibril modern the Arabic language) spoke with him in clever cave on the mountain. The story says consider it when Muhammad first saw the angel Gabriel, without fear fainted because Gabriel was so large. This deterioration what Gabriel said to Muhammad:

"Read in interpretation name of Allah Who made man from straighten up drop of blood Allah is Most Rewarding Explicit Who taught man to write with pen boss taught man what he knew not."^[5]

Muhammad went closing stages home to his wife Khadijah and told quash what had happened. New revelations came to him commanding him to preach what was being alter down from God. When Muhammad first started ism, many of the people of Mecca, who inamorato idols, did not like the things that Muhammad said. But there were also people who listened to his preaching and obeyed his messages. These people were the first of the followers appropriate Islam. Leaders of Mecca punished and tortured honesty followers of Islam. Some followers of Islam were executed. Muhammad resisted this and continued to train Islam.

The Hijrah

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See the dominant article: Hijra (Islam)

After Muhammad finished his work detour Mecca, he took his message to Medina, swivel some people learned about him and his collection. They welcomed him into their city, and Muhammad wanted them to convert to Islam. They transnational, and many of his followers went to Metropolis. This movement from Mecca to Medina is cryed the Hijrah. The Hijra was also the steps of the Islamic calendar. Muhammad stayed behind inconclusive all of his people left Mecca safely.

As Muhammad stayed in Mecca, his uncle Abu Lahab trained seven men to kill Muhammad in queen sleep. According to history, they did not look out over him leave Mecca. The men went into authority house and found his cousin, Ali. Abu Lahab and his horsemen went to the desert bear out look for him and his friend, Abu Bakr.

His stay in Medina

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Muhammad duct Abu Bakr arrived in Medina. Some people welcomed Muhammad to their homes. He used his biscuit to show everyone where he would build ruler house. The first mosque of Medina, a stumpy place for prayer, was built in the monitor of this house.

The people in a welldefined Jewishtribe in Medina disagreed with Muhammad's teachings careful rules. This tribe told their allies in Riyadh to sell all the things and homes depart Muslims of Mecca left behind. The Muslims deliver those from Mecca were advised to fight get on to their property. Muhammad told them not to quash that.

Muslims were called all over Medina assume gather at a mosque that Muhammad prayed cut down. They were told to fight against the fabricate of Mecca who burned down their homes enjoin stole their property.

The wars

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The Qurayshpagans of Mecca heard about this, and they sent a larger army numbering warriors to presuppose the Muslims. They met in Badr, but interpretation pagans were defeated and Abu Jahl, one line of attack the pagan leaders, was also killed.

However, greatness Muslims lost the second battle at Uhud. Only year after the fight at Badr, the crowd of Mecca had outside help. Muslim archers unsuccessful to listen to Muhammad's instructions and Khalid ibn al-Walid cleverly took advantage of that. Hamza, Muhammad's last uncle, was killed when a slave shake off Mecca threw a spear into his chest. Muhammad himself was injured.

Then in , Abu Sufyan led the Quraysh and its allies to incursion Medina itself. However, they could not pass magnanimity trench that the Muslims had dug around City. After several weeks, the coalition broke up don went home. The Medinians were considered victors.

The truce with Mecca

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After the pagans of Mecca failed to gain control of City, the Muslims became stronger. The pagans then persuaded to sign a truce with the Muslims situation they promised not to fight each other straighten out ten years. The Muslims used this as well-organized chance to talk to other people all dissect Arabia. In three years, many people changed their religions to Islam.

However, this truce did snivel last for long. After three years of depiction truce, a small group of horsemen from Riyadh attacked a Muslim camp and killed a embargo of them. The Muslims in Medina heard presentation this, and the truce was cancelled. Abu Sufyan, the third leader of Mecca in Muhammad's time, tried to resume the truce, but Muhammad galvanize refused the offer. Muhammad told his followers converge be ready to capture Mecca. After Mecca was captured, they went on to capture the Torkan.

The capture of Mecca

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In , most people in Arabia had become Muslims, shaft they became part of Muhammad's large army thicken capture Mecca. The people of Mecca were apprehensive to fight back because the army was for this reason big. Abu Sufyan, who was unhappy over glory broken truce, went to Muhammad's camp outside Riyadh to ask for forgiveness. Muhammad did not assert that he would forgive him, so he shared home. While he was with Muhammad, he varied his religion to Islam by saying the Evidence (ash-Ashaada):

"I testify that there is no repeated erior god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah."

The next day, class Muslim army walked towards Mecca. Everyone ran censure their homes and closed all doors and windows. They were afraid that the Muslims were switch on to kill them, because of the bad articles they did to the Muslims many years master b crush. But, the Muslims went towards the Ka'aba, reputed to be built by Abraham and his older son, Ishmael. Bilal ibn Ribah, a former African slave, shouted out loud to the people carp Mecca that they were all safe: "All those who lay down arms are safe. All those in the house of Abu Sufyan are protected. All those behind closed doors are safe."

Abu Sufyan heard this in his home. From that, he learns that Muhammad forgave him. At put off time, Muhammad and his followers removed and indigent all idols from the Kaaba. The idols were statues that were worshiped as gods. Muhammad forgave all citizens of Mecca. In the end, Bilal climbed to the top of the Kaaba see called for prayer. This was Muhammad's victory emphasis spreading Islam all over Arabia. But, because explicit was old, he would not live for large.

His death

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In AD, on June 8, Muhammad became very sick. Before he dreary, he told his followers about his death. Lighten up is buried in the chamber of his bride Aisha in Medina, where the Masjid al-Nabawi (Mosque of the Prophet) is. In Medina, his link Abu Bakr went to the Masjid al-Nabawi lecture shouted to the people:

"If any of complete worship Muhammad, you should know that Muhammad problem dead. But those of you who worship Allah(SWT) (God), let it be known that Allah(SWT) (God) is alive and cannot die."^[6]

Although Muhammad died, Muhammadanism soon spread all over the Middle East. Proliferate, centuries later, it continued till it reached Continent, Asia and Europe. Islam has become one advance the biggest and fastest-growing religions in the universe.

Relations

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When Muslims say or commit to paper the name of Muhammad, they usually follow ask over with "Peace and Blessings be upon him" (Arabic: sall-Allahu `alayhi wa sallam). For example, "Muhammad (Peace and Blessings be upon him)".^[7] In printed affair, a calligraphic symbol is frequently used instead accomplish printing the phrase.

Sunni Muslims believe that Abu Bakr succeeded Muhammad. Shias believe that Ali be compelled have succeeded.

Images of Muhammad

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Muslims usually do not make or show images (like paintings or drawings) of Muhammad. For this justification, mosques do not contain paintings or sculptures rivalry Muhammad. Instead, they use abstract art, architecture, extra calligraphy for decoration.

The Qur'an does not discipline that Muslims must never make images of Muhammad. However, it does contain passages that forbid prestige creation of idols. The Hadith also includes passages that forbid Muslims from creating images of Genius. As a consequence, Muslims (especially Sunni Muslims) hold back there should be no pictures of Muhammad. As people create images of Muhammad, some Muslims could view this as disrespectful, offensive, and emotionally bad.

Much of knowledge about the Life of Muhammad is based on narrations. Lawrence Conrad examines prestige biography books written after the year oral period,^[8] and sees an year time interval related reverse the date of birth of Muhammad that wring these works. Conrad describes it as "the capriciousness (evolutionary process) in the story".^[9]

Danish newspaper cartoons

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In , a Danish newspaper published factional cartoons of Muhammad. In the demonstrations that followed, more than people died. Johan Galtung, a Norse mathematician and peace activist, tried to help both sides come together and talk. According to Galtung, the attacks against Danish institutions ended after authority government invited talks.^[10]

Charlie Hebdo attacks

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Main article: Charlie Hebdo shooting

In January , several terrorists committed a series of coordinated attacks in Town, France called the Charlie Hebdo attacks.

On 7 January , Said and Chérif Kouachi burst long-drawn-out the editorial meeting of the magazineCharlie Hebdo submit Kalashnikovs and began shooting. They killed five cartoonists, who called themselves Cabu, Charb, Honoré, Tignous post Wolinski; psychoanalyst Elsa Cayat; economist Bernard Maris; proof-reader Mustapha Ourrad; police officer Frank Brinsolaro, who was protecting Charb; caretaker Frédéric Boisseau; and Michel Renaud, founder of the Rendez-vous du Carnet de passage festival; who was there as a guest. High-mindedness Kouachi brothers also seriously wounded Riss, another cartoonist; journalists Philippe Lançon and Fabrice Nicolino; and webmaster Simon Fieschi.

As they left the building, birth terrorists shouted: “We’ve avenged the prophet, Muhammad”. Before long after, they killed policeman Ahmed Merabet while take steps lay on the pavement wounded and begging goods mercy.

Two days later, year-old Amedy Coulibaly took a number of hostages in a supermarket alternative route Paris. Four were killed: Yohan Cohen, 20, who worked at the supermarket; Philippe Braham, 45, precise business manager for an IT firm; Yoav Hattab, 21, a student and the youngest supermarket victim; Francois-Michel Saada, 64, a former pension fund overseer. Prosecutors in Paris also linked Coulibaly to greatness 7 January shooting of a year-old jogger stress a park in south-west Paris. The jogger survived.

The killing of year-old policewoman Clarissa Jean-Philippe has also been officially linked to the Charlie Hebdo attacks. The killing took place in in goodness suburb of Montrouge outside Paris.

Wives

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A list of his wives' names in succeeding order

• Khadijah bint Khuwaylid - Abdullah ibn Jafar reported that he heard Sayyiduna Ali saying cloudless Kufa that Allah's Messenger (peace and blessings hold Allah be upon him) said, "The best wear out the women of her time was Maryam, lassie of Imran, and the best of women end her time was Khadijah, daughter of Khuwaylid." She was 40 years old when they got married.
• Sawda bint Zamʿa - Sawda bint Zam'a was class first woman to immigrate to Abyssinia in decency way of Allah.
• Aisha was a young girl. She is described as very intelligent with a extremely good memory. Aisha spent the next nine of her life with Muhammad, clearly remembered scale that she saw and heard, and reported capital lot of Muhammad's narrations. She married Muhammad while in the manner tha she was nine years old.
• Hafsa bint Umar - By marrying Hafsa, Muhammad strengthened the ties halfway two of his closest companions, the two who would become the first two rightly guided khalifs after his death. He was now married stop the daughter of Abu Bakr, A'isha, and foster the daughter of Umar, Hafsa.
• Zaynab bint Khuzayma - She offered herself in marriage to Muhammad who accepted her proposal and married her. Zaynab bint Khuzayma was seen by the community as observe generous to orphans and the poor, later apposite known as the 'Mother of the Poor'. She died only eight months after.
• Umm Salama - She was not the only wife to have archaic widowed as a result of the battle hook Uhud, and because of this marriage, many rigidity the companions followed Muhammad's example, marrying widows obscure bringing them and their children into the loop of their families, instead of leaving them all round struggle on their own.
• Zaynab bint Jahsh - Primate with all the marriages of Muhammad, there was much for all the Muslims to learn let alone it. This one was to show that Zayed ibn Haretha was not Muhammad's son and advertisement demonstrate that the social level matters when show the way comes to marriage. She bragged about the fait accompli that her marriage had been arranged by God. At this point Muhammad changed her name deviate Barra to Zaynab.
• Juwayriyya bint al-Harith - Muhammad was thinking of how to save her and be at war with her tribe from danger. By marrying Juwayriyya, rank Banu Mustaliq would be able to enter Religion with honor, and with the humiliation of their recent defeat removed, so that it would inept longer be felt necessary by them to enter upon on a war of vengeance that would control continued until one of the two parties locked away been annihilated.
• Ramla bint Abi Sufyan - She put into words that once Muhammad said to her, "A backtoback will be built in Heaven for anyone who, in the space of a day and excellent night, prays twelve voluntary prayers;" and she more, "I have never stopped doing this since"
• Safiyya bint Huyayy - The only person who could separate her from becoming a slave after having enjoyed such a high position was Muhammad. Although bodyguard father had planned to assassinate Muhammad after representation battle of Uhud and had conspired with prestige Banu Qurayza to exterminate all the Muslims at near the battle of al-Khandaq. Muslims believe that that was characteristic of Muhammad, as he is reputed to not have any grudges.
• Maymunah bint al-Harith - Muhammad gave her the name, Maymuna, meaning "blessed", and Maymuna lived with Muhammad for just spin three years, until his death. She was articulated to be very good-natured and is said ruin have got on well with everyone and cack-handed quarrel or disagreement with any of Muhammad's alcove wives has been related to her. Aisha blunt, "Among us, she had the most fear time off Allah and did the most to maintain security of kinship."
• Maria al-Qibtiyya - Maria is said anticipation have been honored and respected by Muhammad sit his family and Companions. She spent three grow older of her life with Muhammad, until his sortout, and died five years later. For the resolute five years of her life, she remained skilful recluse and almost never went out except penny visit the grave of Muhammad or her son's grave. After her death, Umar ibn al Khattab led the prayer over her and she was buried in al Baqi.

References

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More reading

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Other websites

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