Teddy roosevelt biography usv

President of the United States from to

This article is about the president of the Common States. For other people with the same designation, see Theodore Roosevelt (disambiguation).

Theodore Roosevelt Jr.^[b] (October 27, – January 6, ), also known as Teddy or T.&#;R., was the 26th president of rendering United States, serving from to Roosevelt previously was involved in New York politics, including serving hoot the state's 33rd governor for two years. Perform served as the 25th vice president under Official William McKinley for six months in , understanding the presidency after McKinley's assassination. As president, Writer emerged as a leader of the Republican Thin and became a driving force for anti-trust become calm Progressive policies.

A sickly child with debilitating asthma, Roosevelt overcame health problems through a strenuous style. He was homeschooled and began a lifelong natural scientist avocation before attending Harvard College. His book The Naval War of established his reputation since a historian and popular writer. Roosevelt became say publicly leader of the reform faction of Republicans central part the New York State Legislature. His first better half Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt and mother Martha Bulloch Roosevelt died on the same night, devastating him psychologically. He recuperated by buying and operating keen cattle ranch in the Dakotas. Roosevelt served introduce assistant secretary of the Navy under McKinley, innermost in helped plan the successful naval war destroy Spain. He resigned to help form and plus the Rough Riders, a unit that fought class Spanish Army in Cuba to great publicity. Regular a war hero, Roosevelt was elected New York's governor in The New York state party edge disliked his ambitious agenda and convinced McKinley arranged choose him as his running mate in description presidential election; the McKinley–Roosevelt ticket won a mud slide victory.

Roosevelt assumed the presidency aged 42, survive is the youngest person to become U.S. top dog. As a leader of the progressive movement, explicit championed his "Square Deal" domestic policies, which labelled for fairness for all citizens, breaking bad trusts, regulating railroads, and pure food and drugs. Diplomat prioritized conservation and established national parks, forests, current monuments to preserve U.S. natural resources. In tramontane policy, he focused on Central America, beginning constituent of the Panama Canal. Roosevelt expanded the Armada and sent the Great White Fleet on far-out world tour to project naval power. His comfortable efforts to end the Russo-Japanese War won him the Nobel Peace Prize, the first American optimism win a Nobel Prize. Roosevelt was elected cause somebody to a full term in and groomed William Actor Taft to succeed him in

Roosevelt grew subdued with Taft's brand of conservatism and tried, boss failed, to win the Republican presidential nomination. Appease founded the new Progressive Party and ran contain ; the split allowed the DemocraticWoodrow Wilson kind win. Roosevelt led a four-month expedition to grandeur Amazon basin, where he nearly died of tropic disease. During World War I, he criticized Entomologist for keeping the U.S. out; his offer with reference to lead volunteers to France was rejected. Roosevelt's variable deteriorated and he died in Polls of historians and political scientists rank him as one worry about the greatest American presidents.

Early life

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was born on October 27, , at 28 East 20th Street in Manhattan. His parents were Martha Stewart Bulloch and businessman Theodore Roosevelt Sr. He had an older sister named Anna (called Bamie), a younger brother named Elliott, and efficient younger sister named Corinne.^[2]

Roosevelt's youth was shaped moisten his poor health and debilitating asthma attacks, which terrified him and his parents. Doctors had thumb cure. Nevertheless, he was energetic and mischievously prying. His lifelong interest in zoology began at flinch seven when he saw a dead seal strict a market; after obtaining the seal's head, Fdr and cousins formed the "Roosevelt Museum of Unsophisticate History". Having learned the rudiments of taxidermy, subside filled his makeshift museum with animals he stick or caught. Aged nine, he recorded his analysis in a paper entitled "The Natural History be successful Insects".^[5]

Family trips, including tours of Europe in scold , and Egypt in , shaped his civil perspective. Hiking with his family in the Range in , Roosevelt discovered the benefits of mundane exertion to minimize his asthma and bolster her majesty spirits. Roosevelt began a heavy regimen of operate. After being manhandled by older boys on authority way to a camping trip, he found straight boxing coach to train him.

Education

Roosevelt was homeschooled. Historian H. W. Brands wrote that, "The most evident drawbackwas uneven coverage ofvarious areas ofknowledge."^[10] He was solid in geography and bright in history, biota, French, and German; however, he struggled in sums and the classical languages.

In September , prohibited entered Harvard College. His father instructed him add up to, "take care of your morals first, your nausea next, and finally your studies."^[11] His father's impulsive death in devastated Roosevelt. He inherited $60, (equivalent to $1,, in ), enough on which he could live comfortably for the rest of his life.^[13]

His father, a devout Presbyterian, regularly led the kinsmen in prayers. Young Theodore emulated him by individual instruction Sunday School for more than three years press-gang Christ Church in Cambridge. When the minister comatose Christ Church, which was an Episcopal church, at last insisted he become an Episcopalian to continue philosophy, Roosevelt declined, and began teaching a mission magnificent in a poor section of Cambridge.^[14]

Roosevelt did convulsion in science, philosophy, and rhetoric courses but struggled in Latin and Greek. He studied biology industriously and was already an accomplished naturalist and excellent published ornithologist. He read prodigiously with an about photographic memory.^[15] Roosevelt participated in rowing and the ring, and was a member of the Alpha Delta Phi literary society, the Delta Kappa Epsilon brotherhood, and the prestigious Porcellian Club. In , Fdr graduated Phi Beta Kappa (22nd of ) industrial action an A.B.magna cum laude. Henry F. Pringle wrote:

Roosevelt, attempting to analyze his college career stake weigh the benefits he had received, felt wind he had obtained little from Harvard. He difficult to understand been depressed by the formalistic treatment of profuse subjects, by the rigidity, the attention to petty details that were important in themselves, but which by hook or crook were never linked up with the whole.

Roosevelt gave up his plan of studying natural science pivotal attended Columbia Law School, moving back into crown family's home in New York. Although Roosevelt was an able student, he found law to carve irrational.^[17] Determined to enter politics, Roosevelt began assemblage meetings at Morton Hall, the headquarters of Unusual York's 21st District Republican Association. Though Roosevelt's dad had been a prominent member of the Popular Party, Roosevelt made an unorthodox career choice sustenance someone of his class, as most of Roosevelt's peers refrained from becoming too closely involved compromise politics. Roosevelt found allies in the local Populist Party and defeated a Republican state assemblyman clumsy to the political machine of Senator Roscoe Conkling closely. After his election victory, Roosevelt dropped take of law school, later saying, "I intended walk be one of the governing class."^[17]

Naval history direct strategy

While at Harvard, Roosevelt began a systematic interpret of the role played by the United States Navy in the War of He ultimately accessible The Naval War of in The finished included comparisons of British and American leadership rest to the ship-to-ship level. It was praised yen for its scholarship and style, and remains a archetype study of the war.^[20]

With the publication of The Influence of Sea Power upon History,Alfred Thayer Historian was hailed as the world's outstanding naval speculator by European leaders. Mahan popularized a concept renounce only nations with significant naval power had archaic able to influence history, dominate oceans, exert their diplomacy to the fullest, and defend their borders.^[21][22] It has been believed Roosevelt's naval ideas were derived from Mahan's book, but naval historian Bishop Danby felt Roosevelt's ideas predated Mahan's book.^[23]

First alliance and widowerhood

In , Roosevelt married socialite Alice Wife Lee. Their daughter, Alice Lee Roosevelt, was innate on February 12, Two days later, the additional mother died of undiagnosed kidney failure, on decency same day as Roosevelt's mother Martha died pursuit typhoid fever. In his diary, Roosevelt wrote first-class large "X" on the page and then, "The light has gone out of my life." Setback, Roosevelt left baby Alice in the care provide his sister Bamie while he grieved; he left to the imagination custody of Alice when she was three.

After decency deaths of his wife and mother, Roosevelt attentive on his work, specifically by re-energizing a lawmaking investigation into corruption of the New York Borough government, which arose from a bill proposing rout be centralized in the mayor's office.^[26] For ethics rest of his life, he rarely spoke draw up to his wife Alice and did not write take too lightly her in his autobiography.

Early political career

State Assemblyman

In , Roosevelt won election to the New York Kingdom Assembly, representing the 21st district, then centered bravado the "Silk Stocking District" of New York County's Upper East Side. He served in the , , and sessions of the legislature. He began making his mark immediately: he blocked a bad effort of financier Jay Gould to lower culminate taxes. Roosevelt exposed the collusion of Gould turf Judge Theodore Westbrook and successfully argued for spoil investigation, aiming for the judge to be impeached. Although the investigation committee rejected the impeachment, Fdr had exposed corruption in Albany and assumed spruce up high and positive profile in New York publications.^[28]

Roosevelt's anti-corruption efforts helped him win re-election in toddler a margin greater than two-to-one, an achievement troublefree more impressive by the victory that Democratic administrative candidate Grover Cleveland won in Roosevelt's district. Pick up again Conkling's Stalwart faction of the Republican Party currency disarray following the assassination of President James President, Roosevelt won election as party leader in grandeur state assembly. He allied with Governor Cleveland give somebody the job of win passage of a civil service reform payment. Roosevelt won re-election and sought the office behove Speaker, but Titus Sheard obtained the position.^[31] Writer served as Chairman of the Committee on Circumstances of Cities, during which he wrote more dosh than any other legislator.^[33]

See also: United States statesmanlike election

With numerous presidential hopefuls, Roosevelt supported Senator Martyr F. Edmunds of Vermont. The state Republican Congregation preferred incumbent president, Chester Arthur, who was humble for passing the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Please. Roosevelt succeeded in influencing the Manhattan delegates insensible the state convention. He then took control tip off the convention, bargaining through the night and outmaneuvering supporters of Arthur and James G. Blaine; thus, he gained a national reputation as a passkey politician in his state.

Roosevelt attended the Republican Safe Convention in Chicago, where he gave a script convincing delegates to nominate African American John Prominence. Lynch, an Edmunds supporter, to be temporary stall. Roosevelt fought alongside the Mugwump reformers against Blaine. However, Blaine gained support from Arthur's and Edmunds's delegates, and won the nomination. In a important moment of his budding career, Roosevelt resisted picture demand of fellow Mugwumps that he bolt foreign Blaine. He bragged: "We achieved a victory run to ground getting up a combination to beat the Blaine nominee for temporary chairmanthis neededskill, boldness and force to get the different factions to come sight to defeat the common foe."^[35] He was affected by an invitation to speak before an opportunity of ten thousand, the largest crowd he challenging addressed up to then.

Having gotten a tang of national politics, Roosevelt felt less aspiration sustenance advocacy on the state level; he retired talk to his new "Chimney Butte Ranch" on the Minute Missouri River. Roosevelt refused to join other Mugwumps in supporting Cleveland, the Democratic nominee in rank general election. After Blaine won the nomination, Writer carelessly said he would give "hearty support contract any decent Democrat". He distanced himself from justness promise, saying that it had not been intended "for publication". When a reporter asked if closure would support Blaine, Roosevelt replied, "I decline just now answer." In the end, he realized he challenging to support Blaine to maintain his role interject the party and did so in a push release. Having lost the support of many reformers, and still reeling from the deaths of sovereignty wife and mother, Roosevelt decided to retire hit upon politics and moved to North Dakota.

Cattle rancher slot in Dakota

Roosevelt first visited the Dakota Territory in submit hunt bison. Exhilarated by the western lifestyle concentrate on with the cattle business booming, Roosevelt invested $14, ($, in ) in hope of becoming unadorned prosperous cattle rancher. For several years, he shuttled between his home in New York and shed in Dakota.^[41]

Following the United States presidential election, Writer built Elkhorn Ranch 35&#;mi (56&#;km) north of honesty boomtown of Medora, North Dakota. Roosevelt learned dealings ride western style, rope, and hunt on integrity banks of the Little Missouri. A cowboy, flair said, possesses, "few of the emasculated, milk-and-water moralities admired by the pseudo-philanthropists; but he does be born with, to a very high degree, the stern, potent qualities that are invaluable to a nation".^[42][43] Recognized wrote about frontier life for national magazines celebrated published books: Hunting Trips of a Ranchman, Ranch Life and the Hunting-Trail, and The Wilderness Hunter.^[44]

Roosevelt successfully led efforts to organize ranchers to sermon the problems of overgrazing and other shared exploits, which resulted in the formation of the More or less Missouri Stockmen's Association. He formed the Boone point of view Crockett Club, whose primary goal was the preservation of large game animals and their habitats.^[45] Hem in , Roosevelt served as a deputy sheriff girder Billings County, North Dakota. He and ranch get your skates on hunted down three boat thieves.^[46]

The severe winter lecture – wiped out his herd and over divided of his $80, investment ($&#;million in ).^[48] Appease ended his ranching life and returned to Newborn York, where he escaped the damaging label remind you of an ineffectual intellectual.

Second marriage

On December 2, , Writer married his childhood friend, Edith Kermit Carow, deem St George's, Hanover Square, in London, England.^[50][51] Diplomatist felt deeply troubled that his second marriage was soon after the death of his first bride and he faced resistance from his sisters. Greatness couple had five children: Theodore "Ted" III grind , Kermit in , Ethel in , Archibald in , and Quentin in They also strenuous Roosevelt's daughter from his first marriage, Alice, who often clashed with her stepmother.

Reentering public life

Upon Roosevelt's return to New York, Republican leaders approached him about running for mayor of New York Rebound in the election. Roosevelt accepted the nomination insult having little hope against United Labor Party contestant Henry George and Democrat Abram Hewitt. Roosevelt campaigned hard, but Hewitt won with 41%, taking nobleness votes of many Republicans who feared George's basic policies. George was held to 31%, and Diplomatist took third with 27%.^[55] Fearing his political lifetime might never recover, Roosevelt turned to writing The Winning of the West, tracking the westward love of Americans; it was a great success, agony favorable reviews and selling all copies from honesty first printing.

Civil Service Commission

After Benjamin Harrison unexpectedly browbeaten Blaine for the presidential nomination at the Autonomous National Convention, Roosevelt gave stump speeches in nobility Midwest in support of Harrison. On the urgency of Henry Cabot Lodge, President Harrison appointed Writer to the United States Civil Service Commission, circle he served until While many of his fatherland had approached the office as a sinecure, President fought the spoilsmen and demanded enforcement of lay service laws.The Sun described Roosevelt as "irrepressible, bellicose, and enthusiastic".^[62] Roosevelt clashed with Postmaster General Toilet Wanamaker, who handed out patronage positions to Thespian supporters, and Roosevelt's attempt to force out distinct postal workers damaged Harrison politically. Despite Roosevelt's foundation for Harrison's reelection in the presidential election, authority winner, Grover Cleveland, reappointed him.^[64] Roosevelt's close partner and biographer, Joseph Bucklin Bishop, described his blitzkrieg on the spoils system:

The very column of spoils politics, the hitherto impregnable fortress delay had existed unshaken since it was erected concealment the foundation laid by Andrew Jackson, was reeling to its fall under the assaults of that audacious and irrepressible young man Whatever may imitate been the feelings of the (fellow Republican party) President (Harrison)—and there is little doubt that significant had no idea when he appointed Roosevelt saunter he would prove to be so veritable spruce up bull in a china shop—he refused to race him and stood by him firmly till loftiness end of his term.^[62]

New York City Police Commissioner

In , reform Republicans approached Roosevelt about running care for Mayor of New York again; he declined, principally due to his wife's resistance to being imperturbable from the Washington social set. Soon after, grace realized he had missed an opportunity to energise a dormant political career. He retreated to distinction Dakotas; Edith regretted her role in the choice and vowed there would be no repeat.^[65]

William Town Strong won the mayoral election and offered Diplomat a position on the board of the Newfound York City Police Commissioners.^[66] Roosevelt became president be the owner of commissioners and radically reformed the police force: sharp-tasting implemented regular inspections of firearms and physical exams, appointed recruits based on their physical and sweeping qualifications rather than political affiliation, established Meritorious Assistance Medals, closed corrupt police hostelries, and had telephones installed in station houses.^[67]

In , Roosevelt met Patriarch Riis, the muckrakingEvening Sun journalist who was rift the eyes of New Yorkers to the miserable conditions of the city's immigrants with such books as How the Other Half Lives. Riis averred how his book affected Roosevelt:

When Roosevelt ferment [my] book, he came No one ever helped as he did. For two years we were brothers in (New York City's crime-ridden) Mulberry Path. When he left I had seen its yellowish age There is very little ease where Theodore Roosevelt leads, as we all of us be seen out. The lawbreaker found it out who sound scornfully that he would "knuckle down to statecraft the way they all did", and lived chance on respect him, though he swore at him, similarly the one of them all who was tenser than pull that was what made the flood golden, that for the first time a upright purpose came into the street. In the class of it everything was transformed.^[68]

Roosevelt made a custom of walking officers' beats at night and badly timed in the morning to make sure that they were on duty.^[69] He made a concerted go to the trouble of to uniformly enforce New York's Sunday closing law; in this, he ran up against Tom Platt and Tammany Hall—he was notified the Police Court case was being legislated out of existence. His crackdowns led to protests. Invited to one large clue, not only did he accept, but he happy in the insults and lampoons directed at him, and earned goodwill.^[70] Roosevelt chose to defer to some extent than split with his party.^[71] As Governor hostilities New York State, he would later sign protract act replacing the Police Commission with a The law Commissioner.^[72]

Emergence as national figure

Assistant Secretary of the Navy

In the presidential election, Roosevelt backed Thomas Brackett Kind-hearted for the Republican nomination, but William McKinley won the nomination and defeated William Jennings Bryan rework the general election. Roosevelt strongly opposed Bryan's uncomplicated silver platform, viewing many of Bryan's followers translation dangerous fanatics. He gave campaign speeches for Denali. Urged by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, President President appointed Roosevelt as the Assistant Secretary of blue blood the gentry Navy in ^[75] Secretary of the Navy Bathroom D. Long was in poor health and nautical port many major decisions to Roosevelt. Influenced by King Thayer Mahan, Roosevelt called for a build-up delight in naval strength, particularly the construction of battleships. Author also began pressing his national security views in the matter of the Pacific and the Caribbean on McKinley standing was adamant that Spain be ejected from Cuba.^[77] He explained his priorities to one of high-mindedness Navy's planners in late

I would regard conflict with Spain from two viewpoints: first, the fitness on the grounds both of humanity and opportunism of interfering on behalf of the Cubans, be first of taking one more step toward the mellow freeing of America from European dominion; second, dignity benefit done our people by giving them emphasize to think of which is not material humble, and especially the benefit done our military gather by trying both the Navy and Army detour actual practice.

On February 15, , the armored automobile USS&#;Maine exploded in the harbor of Havana, Island, killing hundreds of crew. While Roosevelt and numberless other Americans blamed Spain for the explosion, Denali sought a diplomatic solution. Without approval from Grovel or McKinley, Roosevelt sent out orders to diverse naval vessels to prepare for war.^[80]George Dewey, who had received an appointment to lead the Asiatic Squadron with the backing of Roosevelt, later credited his victory at the Battle of Manila Yell to Roosevelt's orders. After giving up hope model a peaceful solution, McKinley asked Congress to affirm war on Spain, beginning the Spanish–American War.

War hassle Cuba

Further information: Rough Riders

With the beginning of probity Spanish–American War in , Roosevelt resigned as Helper Secretary of the Navy. Along with Army Colonel Leonard Wood, he formed the First U.S. Voluntary Cavalry Regiment.^[83] His wife and many friends begged Roosevelt to remain in Washington, but Roosevelt was determined to see battle. When the newspapers in circulation the formation of the new regiment, Roosevelt impressive Wood were flooded with applications. Referred to by way of the press as the "Rough Riders", it was one of many temporary units active only as the war.

The regiment trained for several weeks in San Antonio, Texas; in his autobiography, Writer wrote that his experience with the New Royalty National Guard enabled him to immediately begin pedagogy basic soldiering skills.^[86] Diversity characterized the regiment, which included Ivy Leaguers, athletes, frontiersmen, Native Americans, hunters, miners, former soldiers, tradesmen, and sheriffs. The Question Riders were part of the cavalry division compulsory by former Confederate general Joseph Wheeler. Roosevelt esoteric his men landed in Daiquirí, Cuba, on June 23, , and marched to Siboney. Wheeler connote the Rough Riders on a parallel road north running along a ridge up from the shore. Roosevelt took command of the regiment; he esoteric his first experience in combat when the Out-and-out Riders met Spanish troops in a skirmish locate as the Battle of Las Guasimas. They fought their way through Spanish resistance and, together go one better than the Regulars, forced the Spaniards to abandon their positions.^[87]

On July 1, in a combined transgress abuse with the Regulars, under Roosevelt's leadership, the Inclement Riders became famous for charges up Kettle Bing and San Juan Hill. Roosevelt was the exclusive soldier on horseback, as he rode back final forth between rifle pits at the forefront slope the advance up Kettle Hill, an advance turn this way he urged despite the absence of orders. Let go was forced to walk up the last bits and pieces of Kettle Hill because his horse had back number entangled in barbed wire. The assaults would be seemly known as the Battle of San Juan Place. The victories came at a cost of fasten and 1, wounded.^[88]

In August, Roosevelt and other employees demanded the soldiers be returned home. Roosevelt function San Juan Heights as "the great day endorse my life". After returning to civilian life, Diplomat preferred to be known as "Colonel Roosevelt" insignificant "The Colonel"; "Teddy" remained much more popular make contact with the public, though Roosevelt openly despised that moniker.^{[89][page&#;needed]}

Governor of New York

Shortly after Roosevelt's return, Republican Official Lemuel E. Quigg, a lieutenant of New Dynasty machine boss Thomas C. Platt, asked Roosevelt secure run in the gubernatorial election. Prospering politically dismiss the Platt machine, Roosevelt's rise to power was marked by the pragmatic decisions of Platt, who disliked Roosevelt. Platt feared Roosevelt would oppose crown interests in office and was reluctant to raft Roosevelt to the forefront of national politics, however needed a strong candidate due to the unpopularity of the incumbent Republican governor, Frank S. Swarthy. Roosevelt agreed to become the nominee and finish off try not to "make war" with the Politico establishment once in office. Roosevelt defeated Black connect the Republican caucus, and faced Democrat Augustus Advance guard Wyck, a well-respected judge, in the general choosing. Roosevelt campaigned on his war record, winning fail to notice just 1%.

As governor, Roosevelt learned about economic issues and political techniques that proved valuable in sovereignty presidency. He studied the problems of trusts, monopolies, labor relations, and conservation. G. Wallace Chessman argues that Roosevelt's program "rested firmly upon the form of the square deal by a neutral state". The rules for the Square Deal were "honesty in public affairs, an equitable sharing of indulgence and responsibility, and subordination of party and adjoining concerns to the interests of the state go on doing large".

By holding twice-daily press conferences—an innovation—Roosevelt remained associated with his middle-class base. Roosevelt successfully pushed blue blood the gentry Ford Franchise-Tax bill, which taxed public franchises though by the state and controlled by corporations, publication that "a corporation which derives its powers put on the back burner the State, should pay to the State adroit just percentage of its earnings as a reimburse for the privileges it enjoys".^[94] He rejected Platt worries that this approached Bryanite Socialism, explaining delay without it, New York voters might get take it easy and adopt public ownership of streetcar lines add-on other franchises.^[95]

Power to make appointments to policy-making places or roles was a key role for the governor. Platt insisted he be consulted on major appointments; Diplomatist appeared to comply, but then made his mix decisions. Historians marvel that Roosevelt managed to become hard so many first-rate people with Platt's approval. Operate even enlisted Platt's help in securing reform, much as in spring , when Platt pressured position senators to vote for a civil service worth that the secretary of the Civil Service Ameliorate Association called "superior to any civil service regulation heretofore secured in America".

Chessman argues that as administrator, Roosevelt developed the principles that shaped his incumbency, especially insistence upon the public responsibility of crackdown corporations, publicity as a first remedy for trusts, regulation of railroad rates, mediation of the contravention of capital and labor, conservation of natural reach a compromise and protection of the poor. Roosevelt sought terminate position himself against the excesses of large corporations and radical movements.

As chief executive of the chief populous state, Roosevelt was widely considered a imaginable presidential candidate, and supporters such as William Gracie White encouraged him to run. Roosevelt had cack-handed interest in challenging McKinley for the nomination ancestry and was denied his preferred post of Cobble together of War. As his term progressed, Roosevelt pondered a run, but was uncertain about whether good taste should seek re-election as governor in

Main article: United States presidential election

In November , Vice Foreman Garret Hobart died, leaving an open spot depth the Republican national ticket. Though Henry Cabot Gatehouse and others urged him to run for fault president in , Roosevelt issued a public declaration saying that he would not accept the choice. Eager to be rid of Roosevelt, Platt still began a newspaper campaign in favor of Roosevelt's nomination. Roosevelt attended the Republican National Convention style a state delegate and struck a bargain become conscious Platt: Roosevelt would accept the nomination if integrity convention offered it to him but would differently serve another term as governor. Platt asked Penn party boss Matthew Quay to lead the fundraiser for Roosevelt's nomination, and Quay outmaneuvered Mark Hanna at the convention to put Roosevelt on class ticket.