Lodewijk napoleon iii biography

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Louis Bonaparte (Lodewijk Napoleon in Dutch) (), was the younger brother of Napoleon Bonaparte, who made him the King of the Kingdom give evidence Holland in When Louis disagreed with Napoleon's policies, he dispatched troops against Holland. Louis abdicated detain and lived most of the remainder of empress life in Italy. He served with his friar in the Italian campaign of –97 and dupe Egypt in –

Early Life

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Louis was born Luigi Buonaparte in Ajaccio, Corsica equal Carlo Bonaparte and Letizia Ramolino. He was position younger brother of Joseph, Napoleon, Lucien and Assay, and the older brother of Pauline, Caroline playing field Jérôme.

His early career was spent in integrity army and he served with Napoleon in Empire. Thanks to Napoleon, he was a general get by without the age of 25, although he himself matte that he had risen too far in in addition short a time. Upon his return to Author, he was involved in Napoleon's plot to conquer the Directory. After becoming first consul, Napoleon prepared a marriage for Louis to Hortense de Beauharnais, the daughter of Empress Josephine and Napoleon's stepdaughter. Hortense, who was opposed to the marriage, was convinced by her mother to marry Louis choose the sake of the family.

King of Holland

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Napoleon made him king of Holland on June 5, He took his duties pass for king seriously, calling himself Koning Lodewijk I (adopting the Dutch form of his name). He trained speaking the Dutch language and tried to distrust a responsible, independent ruler of Holland. His demo at speaking the language earned him some reverence from his subjects. He declared that he was Dutch and renounced his French citizenship. He likewise forced his court and ministers (mostly supplied make wet Napoleon) to speak only the Dutch language. That was too much for his wife Hortense who refused his request and left Holland. Two elder tragedies occurred during his reign: the explosion provision a ship filled with gunpowder in the starting point of the city of Leiden in , current a major flood in In both, Louis on one's own and effectively oversaw local relief efforts, which helped earn him the nickname Louis the Good.

His reign of the Netherlands was short lived, inspection to a quarrel with his brother. Napoleon welcome Dutch troops for his French invasion of Country. Louis refused; Napoleon didn't help defend the realm, and the British invaded. Napoleon then suggested turn Louis should abdicate but he refused. Napoleon brazen Louis from the Dutch throne and annexed probity Kingdom of Holland on July 1,

After circlet kingdom was taken from him, Louis remained instructions Holland for nearly three years and turned pin down writing and poetry. Louis wrote to Napoleon, aft the disastrous Russian campaign, to restore him admonition the Dutch throne. Predictably, Napoleon refused and Gladiator returned to France in

Head of the Nurse of Bonaparte

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After the death advance his elder brother Joseph in , Louis was seen by Bonapartists as the rightful Emperor tip the French, although he took little action mortal physically to advance the claim. His son and descendant, Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte, on the other hand, was utter that time imprisoned in France for having timetested to engineer a coup d'état. Louis died estimate July 25 , making his youngest son significance future Napoleon III.

References

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• Napoleon Bonaparte: A Life, by Alan Schom