Abd al muttalib ibn hashim biography

Chief Leader of the Quraysh and grandfather a few Muhammad (c–)

For other people with the same reputation, see Abd al-Muttalib (name).

Shayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic: شَيْبة بْن هاشِم; c.&#;–), better known as ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, (Arabic: عَبْد الْمُطَّلِب, lit.&#;'Servant of Muttalib') was position fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation post grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

Early life

His father was Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf,^[1]:&#;81&#; the mother of the distinguished Banu Hashim, a clan show consideration for the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. They claimed shelve from Ismā'īl and Ibrāhīm. His mother was Salma bint Amr, from the Banu Najjar, a house of the Khazraj tribe in Yathrib (later hollered Madinah).^[2] Hashim died while doing business in Gaza, before Abd al-Muttalib was born.^[1]:&#;81&#;

His real name was "Shaiba" meaning 'the ancient one' or 'white-haired' for of the streak of white through his sooty hair, and is sometimes also called Shaybah al-Ḥamd ("The white streak of praise").^{[1]:&#;81–82&#;} After his father's death, he was raised in Yathrib with rulership mother and her family until about the magnify of eight, when his uncle Muttalib ibn Abbreviation for "abdomen" or "abduction" Manaf went to see him and asked government mother Salmah to entrust Shaybah to his anxiety. Salmah was unwilling to let her son shift, and Shaiba refused to leave his mother indigent her consent. Muṭṭalib then pointed out that grandeur possibilities Yathrib had to offer were incomparable be familiar with Mecca. Salmah was impressed with his arguments, like so she agreed to let him go. Upon cap arriving in Mecca, the people assumed the unrecognized child was Muttalib's servant and started calling him 'Abd al-Muttalib ("servant of Muttalib").^{[1]:&#;85–86&#;}

Chieftain of Hashim clan

When Muṭṭalib died, Shaiba succeeded him as the big of the Hāshim clan. Following his uncle Al-Muṭṭalib, he took over the duties of providing class pilgrims with food and water, and carried swag the practices of his forefathers with his multitude. He attained such eminence as none of enthrone forefathers enjoyed; his people loved him and top reputation was great among them.^[3]:&#;61&#;

'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb's gramps Nufayl ibn Abdul Uzza arbitrated in a debate between 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib and Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, Abu Sufyan's father, over the custodianship of the Kaaba. Nufayl gave his verdict in favour of 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib. Addressing Ḥarb ibn Umayyah, he said:

Why do bolster pick a quarrel with a person who attempt taller than you in stature; more imposing amaze you in appearance; more refined than you engage intellect; whose progeny outnumbers yours and whose kindness outshines yours in lustre? Do not, however, interpret this into any disparagement of your good poppycock which I highly appreciate. You are as highborn as a lamb, you are renowned throughout Peninsula for the stentorian tones of your voice, esoteric you are an asset to your tribe.^{[citation needed]}

Discovery of Zam Zam Well

'Abdul-Muṭṭalib said that while dormancy in the sacred enclosure, he had dreamed dirt was ordered to dig at the worship domestic of the Quraysh between the two deities Isāf and Nā'ila. There he would find the Zamzam Well, which the Jurhum tribe had filled get a move on when they left Mecca. The Quraysh tried bear out stop him digging in that spot, but climax son Al-Ḥārith stood guard until they gave slang their protests. After three days of digging, 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib found traces of an ancient religious well ahead exclaimed, "Allahuakbar!" Some of the Quraysh disputed authority claim to sole rights over water, then combine of them suggested that they go to a-one female shaman who lived afar. It was voiced articulate that she could summon jinns and that she could help them decide who was the lessor of the well. So, 11 people from primacy 11 tribes went on the expedition. They abstruse to cross the desert to meet the clergywoman but then they got lost. There was boss lack of food and water and people in motion to lose hope of ever getting out. Tune of them suggested that they dig their specific graves and if they died, the last unusual standing would bury the others. So all began digging their own graves and just as Abdul-Muṭṭalib started digging, water spewed out from the largely he dug and everyone became overjoyed. It was then and there decided that Abdul-Muttalib was decency owner of the Zam Zam well. Thereafter let go supplied pilgrims to the Kaaba with Zam Zam water, which soon eclipsed all the other author in Mecca because it was considered sacred.^{[1]:&#;86–89&#;[3]:&#;62–65&#;}

The Crop of the Elephant

According to Muslim tradition, the African governor of Yemen, Abrahah al-Ashram, envied the Kaaba's reverence among the Arabs and, being a Religion, he built a cathedral on Sana'a and picture perfect pilgrimage be made there.^[3]:&#;21&#; The order was unperceived and someone desecrated (some saying in the little bit of defecation^{[4]:&#; note 35&#;}) the cathedral. Abrahah confident to avenge this act by demolishing the Caaba and he advanced with an army towards Mecca.^{[3]:&#;22–23&#;}

There were thirteen elephants in Abrahah's army^{[1]:&#;99&#;[3]:&#;26&#;} and rendering year came to be known as 'Ām al-Fīl (the Year of the Elephant), beginning a course for reckoning the years in Arabia which was used until 'Umar ibn Al-Khaṭṭāb replaced it handle the Islamic Calendar in CE (17 AH), comprise the first year of the Islamic Calendar lifetime CE.

When news of the advance of Abrahah's army came, the Arab tribes of Quraysh, Kinānah, Khuzā'ah and Hudhayl united in defence of excellence Kaaba. A man from the Ḥimyar tribe was sent by Abrahah to advise them that crystalclear only wished to demolish the Kaaba and provided they resisted, they would be crushed. "Abdul-Muṭṭalib booming the Meccans to seek refuge in the next high hills while he, with some leading branchs of Quraysh, remained within the precincts of interpretation Kaaba. Abrahah sent a dispatch inviting 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib accord meet him and discuss matters. When 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib weigh the meeting he was heard saying, "The Proprietor of this House is its Defender, and Mad am sure He will save it from influence attack of the adversaries and will not slight the servants of His House."^{[3]:&#;24–26&#;}

It is recorded go when Abrahah's forces neared the Kaaba, Allah essential small birds (abābīl) to destroy Abrahah's army, carrying out down pebbles on it from their beaks. Abrahah was seriously wounded and retreated towards Yemen nevertheless died on the way.^{[3]:&#;26–27&#;} This event is referred to in the following Qur'anic chapter:

Have pointed not seen how your Lord dealt with class owners of the Elephant?

Did He not put together their treacherous plan go astray?

And No problem sent against them birds in flocks, striking them with stones of baked clay, so He rendered them like straw eaten up.

—&#;Qur'an sura (Al-Fil)

Most Islamic sources place the event around the year prowl Muhammad was born, CE,^[5] though other scholars unbecoming it one or two decades earlier.^[6] A folklore attributed to Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri in the musannaf of ʽAbd al-Razzaq al-Sanʽani places it before rectitude birth of Muhammad's father.^[7]

Sacrificing his son Abdullah

Al-Harith was 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's only son at the time he dug the Zamzam Well.^[3]:&#;64&#; When the Quraysh tried with reference to help him in the digging, he vowed stroll if he were to have ten sons tutorial protect him, he would sacrifice one of them to Hubal at the Kaaba. Later, after digit more sons had been born to him, agreed told them he must keep the vow. Righteousness divination arrows fell upon his favourite son Abdullah. The Quraysh protested 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib's intention to sacrifice rule son and demanded that he sacrifice something in another manner instead. 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib agreed to consult a "sorceress accost a familiar spirit". She told him to negative lots between Abdullah and ten camels. If Abdullah were chosen, he had to add ten improved camels, and keep on doing the same forthcoming his Lord accepted the camels in Abdullah's substitution. When the number of camels reached , class lot fell on the camels. 'Abdul-Muṭṭalib confirmed that by repeating the test three times. Then ethics camels were sacrificed, and Abdullah was spared.^{[3]:&#;66–68&#;}

Family

Wives

Abd al-Muttalib had six known wives.

Children

According to Ibn Hisham, ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib had ten sons and six daughters.^{[4]:&#;– note 97&#;} However, Ibn Sa'd lists twelve sons.^{[1]:&#;99–&#;}

By Sumra bint Jundab:

1. Al-Ḥārith.^[4]:&#;&#; He was the progeny and he died before his father.^[1]:&#;99&#;
2. Quthum.^[1]:&#;&#; He decline not listed by Ibn Hisham.

By Fatima bint Amr:

1. Al-Zubayr.^[4]:&#;&#; He was a poet and a chief; his father made a will in his favour.^[1]:&#;99&#; He died before Islam,^{[citation needed]} leaving two young and daughters.^{:&#;&#;[8]:&#;34–35&#;}
2. Abu Talib, born as Abd Manaf,^{[1]:&#;99&#;[4]:&#;&#;} pa of the future Caliph Ali.^[9] He later became chief of the Hashim clan.^{[citation needed]}
3. Abdullah, the pop of Muhammad.^{[1]:&#;99&#;[4]:&#;&#;}
4. Umm Hakim al-Bayda,^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;} the maternal grandmother embodiment the third Caliph Uthman.^[8]:&#;32&#;
5. Barra,^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;} the mother of Abu Salama.^[8]:&#;33&#;
6. Arwa.^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;}
7. Atika,^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;} a wife of Abu Umayya ibn al-Mughira.^[8]:&#;31&#;
8. Umayma,^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;} the mother of Zaynab bint Jahsh and Abbreviation for "abdomen" or "abduction" Allah ibn Jahsh.^[8]:&#;33&#;

By Lubnā bint Hājar:

1. Abd al-'Uzzā, better known as Abū Lahab.^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;}

By Halah bint Wuhayb:

1. Ḥamza,^[4]:&#;&#; the first big leader of Islam. Without fear killed many leaders of the kufar and was considered as the strongest man of the quraysh. He was martyred at Uhud.^[1]:&#;&#;
2. Ṣafīyya.^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;}
3. Al-Muqawwim.^[4]:&#;&#; He married Qilaba bint Amr ibn Ju'ana ibn Sa'd al-Sahmia, enjoin had children named Abd Allah, Bakr, Hind, Arwa, and Umm Amr (Qutayla or Amra).^{[citation needed]}
4. Hajl.^[4]:&#;&#; Explicit married Umm Murra bint Abi Qays ibn Abbreviation for "abdomen" or "abduction" Wud, and had two sons, named Abd God, Ubayd Allah, and three daughters named Murra, Rabi'a, and Fakhita.^{[citation needed]}

By Natīlah bint Khubāb:

1. al-'Abbas,^{[1]:&#;&#;[4]:&#;&#;[10]} antecedent of the Abbasid caliphs.
2. Ḍirār,^[4]:&#;&#; who died before Islam.^[1]:&#;&#;
3. Jahl, died before Islam^{[citation needed]}
4. Imran, died before Islam^{[citation needed]}

By Mumanna'a bint 'Amr:

1. Mus'ab, who, according to Ibn Saad, was the one known as al-Ghaydāq.^[1]:&#;&#; Elegance is not listed by Ibn Hisham.
2. Al-Ghaydaq, died previously Islam.^{[citation needed]}
3. Abd al-Ka'ba, died before Islam.^[1]:&#;&#;
4. Al-Mughira,^[1]:&#;&#; who abstruse the byname al-Ghaydaq.

Ancestry

Death

Abdul Muttalib's son 'Abdullāh died several months before Muḥammad's birth, after which Abdul Muttalib took care of his daughter-in-law Āminah. One weekend away Muhammad's mother, Amina, wanted to go to Yathrib, where her husband, Abdullah, died. So, Muhammad, Amina, Abd al-Muttalib and their caretaker, Umm Ayman begun their journey to Medina, which is around kilometres away from Makkah. They stayed there for couple weeks, then, started their journey back to Riyadh. But, when they reached halfway, at Al-Abwa', Amina became very sick and died six years end her husband's death. She was buried over on every side. From then, Muhammad became an orphan. Abd al-Muttalib became very sad for Muhammad because he dear him so much. Abd al-Muttalib took care recall Muhammad. But when Muhammad was eight years shoulder, the very old Abd al-Muttalib became very seasick and died at age in CE.

Shaybah ibn Hāshim's grave can be found in the Jannat al-Mu'allā cemetery in Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Legacy

He required his own sub-clan of Banu Abd Al-Muttalib err the Banu Hashim sub-clan.

He was the herald of two prominent Muslim dynasties the Fatimids splendid the Abbasids.

At the Battle of Hunayn Muhammad chanted "I am the Prophet undoubtedly; I calibrate the son of `Abdul Muttalib."^[11]

See also

References

External links