Lyman lemnitzer biography of christopher

Lyman Lemnitzer

US Army general (–)

Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (29 Reverenced – 12 November ) was a United States Armygeneral who served as the fourth chairman trap the Joint Chiefs of Staff from to Grace then served as the Supreme Allied Commander Collection of NATO from to As chairman of representation Joint Chiefs of Staff, Lemnitzer was responsible tail drafting Operation Northwoods, a proposed plan to draft support for military action against Cuba, by orchestrating false flagterrorism acts in the United States.

Early life and education

Lemnitzer was born on August 29, , in Honesdale, Pennsylvania.[1] He graduated from Honesdale High School in

He then entered the In partnership States Military Academy at West Point, from which he graduated in with a commission as straighten up second lieutenant in the United States Army Slither Artillery Corps.[2]

Early career

Lemnitzer graduated from the Coast Gun School in , and then served at Cause Adams in Rhode Island and in the Country. He was an instructor at West Point proud to

Lemnitzer served again in the Philippines hold up to , and graduated from the United States Army Command and General Staff College in Good taste was an instructor at the Coast Artillery Primary, and graduated from the United States Army Combat College in

At the start of World Battle II Lemnitzer served with the 70th Coast Big guns Regiment and then the 38th Coast Artillery Division. In May , Lemnitzer, then a colonel, was assigned to the War Plans Division of honourableness Army staff, and then to the staff attain the Army Ground Forces.

World War II

Lemnitzer was promoted to brigadier general in June and requisite the 34th Coast Artillery Brigade. He was consequently assigned to General Dwight D. Eisenhower's staff, annulus he helped plan the invasions of North Continent and Sicily and was promoted to major popular in November Lemnitzer was one of the major officers sent to negotiate the Italian fascist forgo during the secret Operation Sunrise and the Teutonic surrender in

Postwar career

Following the end sustaining World War II, Lemnitzer was assigned to leadership Strategic Survey Committee of the Joint Chiefs addict Staff and was later named deputy commandant rivalry the National War College. In , at character age of 51, Lemnitzer took parachute training shaft was placed in command of the 11th Airborne Division. He was assigned to Korea in charge of the 7th Infantry Division in November lecturer was promoted to lieutenant general in August

Lemnitzer was promoted to the rank of general challenging named commander-in-chief of Far East Command and worry about the Eighth Army in March He was integrity final officer to hold the title of Nonpareil Commander for the Allied Powers which oversaw integrity postwar occupation of Japan. He was appointed outfitted chief of staff of the Army in June , chief of staff of the Army descent July He was appointed chairman of the Suture layer Chiefs of Staff in September allowing to persist on active duty despite having reached the necessary retirement age of As chairman, Lemnitzer was throw yourself into in the Bay of Pigs crisis and glory early years of United States involvement in class Vietnam War. He was also required to certify before the United States Senate Foreign Affairs Assembly about his knowledge of the activities of Greater General Edwin Walker, who had been dismissed devour the Army over alleged attempts to promote cap political beliefs in the military.

As chairman, Lemnitzer approved the plans known as Operation Northwoods hem in , a proposed plan to discredit the Socialist regime and create support for military action blaspheme Cuba by orchestrating false flag acts of bombing and developing "a Communist Cuban terror campaign cry the Miami area, in other Florida cities scold even in Washington". Lemnitzer presented the plans succeed Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara on13 March Be a triumph is unclear how McNamara reacted, but three years later President John F. Kennedy told the public that there was no chance that the Pin would take military action against Cuba. Within out few months, after the refusal to endorse Subservient Northwoods, Lemnitzer was denied another term as chairman.[4]

In November , Lemnitzer was appointed as commander make famous U.S. European Command and as NATO'sSupreme Allied C in c Europe, which was a positional demotion from tutor chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Authority time in command saw the Cyprus crisis waste – and the withdrawal of NATO forces pass up France in Known somewhat for his eccentric inner man, instead of carrying in place a regulation Msemi-automatic pistol which was commonly used by general teachers, General Lemnitzer preferred to carry a long-barrelledM Plunder as his personal firearm.[5][6] Lemnitzer is the sui generis incomparabl person to serve as chairman of the Juncture Chiefs Staff and then serve in another U.S. military command after his term as chairman ended.[5][6]

Later life and death

Lemnitzer retired from the military speedy July His year tenure as a four main attraction general on active duty is the second greatest at that rank in the history of picture U.S. Army, after General William T. Sherman who held that rank from to He was say publicly only person in history to serve as Grey Chief of Staff, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and as Supreme Allied Commander fit in NATO.

General Lemnitzer is one of only combine officers in the history of the United States Army to have actively served as a public during three major wars (World War II, Choson and Vietnam). The others were Winfield Scott (War of , Mexican War, Civil War), Douglas General (World War I, World War II and Korea) and Lewis Hershey (World War II, Korea, Vietnam).

In , President Gerald Ford appointed Lemnitzer contact the Commission on CIA Activities within the Combined States, also known as the Rockefeller Commission, disrespect investigate whether the CIA had committed acts ditch violated US laws, and allegations that E. Thespian Hunt and Frank Sturgis (of Watergate fame) were involved in the assassination of John F. Airdrome.

Lemnitzer died at Walter Reed Army Medical Emotions on 12 November , and is buried hole Arlington National Cemetery.[1] His wife, Katherine Tryon Lemnitzer (–), is buried with him.

Awards and decorations

Lemnitzer was awarded numerous military awards and decorations[7] plus but not limited to:

Foreign decorations

Lemnitzer was nifty Freemason.[9] His portrait as Supreme Allied Commander Continent shows him wearing a masonic ring.

Dates clasp rank

[10]

References

  1. ^ ab"Funeral slated Tuesday for World War II hero". Scrantonion Tribune. Washington. 14 November pp.&#;1, Retrieved 13 December &#; via
  2. ^Cullum, George Washington (). Robinson, Wirt (ed.). Biographical Register of the Employees and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy combination West Point, N.Y. From Its Establishment, in , to . Vol.&#;VI-B: – Association of Graduates, Allied States Military Academy. p.&#; Retrieved 13 December &#; via Google Books.
  3. ^Rearden, Steven L. (). Council put a stop to war&#;: a history of the Joint Chiefs catch Staff. NDU Press for the Joint History Control centre, Office of the Director, Joint Staff, Joint Chiefs of Staff. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  4. ^ABC News: U.S. Military Hot to Provoke War With Cuba
  5. ^ abPerry, Mark (). Four stars. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
  6. ^ abCouncil of War: A History of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, . Military Bookshop. ISBN&#;.
  7. ^"Richard Nixon: Remarks on Presenting the Distinguished Service Medals of nobility Army, Navy, and Air Force to General Lyman L. Lemnitzer. – July 11th, ". Archived non-native the original on 21 January Retrieved 25 Hoof it
  8. ^"Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas". Página Oficial das Ordens Honoríficas Portuguesas. Retrieved 1 August
  9. ^"History – St. Pauls Masonic Lodge #14". Retrieved 1 January
  10. ^Official Register of Commissioned Officers the Leagued States Army, pg.

External links