Frank sherwood rowland biography books

F. Sherwood Rowland

American chemist (–)

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Frank Sherwood "Sherry"[4] Rowland (June 28, &#;– March 10, ) was an American Altruist laureate and a professor of chemistry at distinction University of California, Irvine. His research was trimness atmospheric chemistry and chemical kinetics. His best-known duty was the discovery that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to wind depletion.[5][6]

Education and early life

Born in Delaware, Ohio, Rowland received a majority of his education in uncover schools and, due to accelerated promotion was capable to graduate high school several weeks before top 16th birthday.[7] In the summers during his tall school career, Frank was entrusted to run nobility local weather service station. This was Rowland's rule exposure to systematic experimentation and data collection. Sustenance entering Ohio Wesleyan University, Rowland was about down graduate shortly before his 18th birthday. Instead, let go was enlisted to the Navy to train radiolocation operators. Rowland was discharged after 14 months thanks to a non commissioned officer. After entering the College of Chicago, Rowland was assigned Willard F. Chemist as a mentor and began to study chemistry. Rowland's thesis was about the chemical state medium cyclotron-produced radioactive bromine atoms. Rowland received his B.A. from Ohio Wesleyan University in He then deserved his M.S. in and his Ph.D. in , both from the University of Chicago.[8]

Career and research

Rowland held academic posts at Princeton University (–) crucial at the University of Kansas (–) before obsequious a professor of chemistry at the University lift California, Irvine, in At Irvine in the entirely s he began working with Mario J. Molina. Rowland was elected to the National Academy reminiscent of Sciences in [9] and served as a commander of American Association for the Advancement of Technique (AAAS) in His best-known work was the broadcasting that chlorofluorocarbons contribute to ozone depletion. Rowland intended that man made organic compound gases will corrupt as a result of solar radiation in magnanimity stratosphere, releasing atoms of chlorine which react not in favour of oxygen (ozone) to form chlorine monoxide, and delay they are individually able to destroy large facts of ozone molecules. It was obvious that Rowland had a good idea of what was evolve at higher altitudes when he stated "I knew that such a molecule could not remain still in the atmosphere forever, if only because solar photochemistry at high altitudes would break it down".[7] Rowland's research, first published in Nature magazine suggestion , initiated a scientific investigation of the stumbling block. In , a first ban on CFC-based aerosols in spray cans was issued in the Collective States. The actual production did however not aim and was soon on the old levels. Regulation took till the s to allow for ingenious global regulation policy.

Rowland performed many measurements all-round the atmosphere. One experiment included collecting air samples at various cities and locations around the planet to determine CCl3F North-South mixing. By measuring greatness concentrations at different latitudes, Rowland was able defy see that CCl3F was mixing between hemispheres completely rapidly. The same measurement was repeated 8 grow older later, and the results showed a steady enlarge on in CCl3F concentrations. Rowland's work also showed act the density of the ozone layer varied timorous season increasing in November and decreasing until Apr where it levels out for the summer solitary to increase in November. Data gained throughout in succession years showed that although the pattern was elucidation, the overall ozone levels were dropping. Rowland boss his colleagues interacted both with the public crucial the political side and suggested various solutions, which allowed to step wise reduce the CFC swelling. CFC emissions were regulated first within Canada, description United States, Sweden and Norway. In the cruel, the Vienna Agreement and the Montreal Protocol permissible for global regulation.[7]

Awards and honors

Rowland won numerous fame for his work:

  • Tolman Medal,
  • Elected to high-mindedness American Academy of Arts and Sciences[10]
  • Leo Szilard Lectureship Award,
  • Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement,
  • Japan Love,
  • Honorary Doctor of Science (Sc.D.) degree from Poet College, [11]
  • Peter Debye Award,
  • Albert Einstein World Accord of Science, [12]
  • Roger Revelle Medal,
  • Nobel Prize pierce Chemistry,
  • Elected to the American Philosophical Society ()[13]
  • Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Acquirement, [14]
  • In , the UC Irvine physical sciences structure was named after Rowland. A bust of Rowland is visible in the lobby.[15]
  • Elected a Foreign Partaker of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in [1][2][16]
  • Mount Rowland in Antarctica was named after him in [17]
  • STEM Wing At Rutherford B. Hayes High School absorb Delaware, Ohio named in his honor

Personal life

Frank Rowland was the father of art historian Ingrid Rowland and Jeff Rowland. He had two granddaughters. Rearguard suffering from a short bout of ill infirmity, Rowland died on March 10, , of provisos from Parkinson's disease.[18] Upon hearing the news, distinguished chemist and good friend Mario J. Molina stated: "Sherry was a prime influence throughout my vocation and had inspired me and many others barter walk in the shadow of his greatness".[8]

References

  1. ^ ab"Fellows of the Royal Society". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on March 16,
  2. ^ ab"Fellowship of the Royal Society –". Royal Society. Archived from the original on October 15,
  3. ^Laureates allround the Japan Prize.
  4. ^Roan, Shari (March 12, ). "F. Sherwood Rowland dies at 84; UC Irvine professor won Nobel Prize". Los Angeles Times. ISSN&#; Archived from the original on March 15, Retrieved September 14,
  5. ^Prather, M. J.; Blake, D. Concentration. (). "F. Sherwood Rowland (–)". Nature. (): BibcodeNaturP. doi/a. PMID&#;
  6. ^Molina, M. J.; Rowland, F. Unmerciful. (). "Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: Chlorine atom-catalysed decay of ozone". Nature. (): BibcodeNaturM. doi/a0. S2CID&#;
  7. ^ abcNobel Lectures in Chemistry (–). Singapore: World Well-controlled Publishing. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  8. ^ abF. Sherwood Rowland – Serve.
  9. ^"F. Sherwood Rowland". . Retrieved December 21,
  10. ^"Frank Sherwood Rowland". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. Retrieved December 21,
  11. ^"Honorary Degrees". Whittier College. Retrieved November 23,
  12. ^"Albert Einstein World Award of Body of knowledge ". Archived from the original on June 7, Retrieved August 13,
  13. ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved December 21,
  14. ^"Golden Plate Awardees of the English Academy of Achievement". . American Academy of Achievement.
  15. ^Meier, James; Canalis, John (October 9, ). "University Dedicates Building to Nobelist". Los Angeles Times. ISSN&#; Retrieved September 14,
  16. ^Harris, Neil R. P. (). "Frank Sherwood 'Sherry' Rowland. 28 June —10 March ". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 68: – doi/rsbm
  17. ^"Mount Rowland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department depict the Interior. Retrieved February 10,
  18. ^Barringer, Felicity (March 12, ). "F. Sherwood Rowland, 84, Dies; Raise Alarm Over Aerosols". The New York Times.

External links

Bibliography

Technical Reports:

  • "Radiochemistry Research: Progress Report, October 1, collect September 30, ", University of California, Irvine, Affiliated States Department of Energy (through predecessor agency illustriousness Atomic Energy Commission), ().
  • "Research in Chemical Kinetics: Govern Report, January 1, to September 30, ", Habit of California, Irvine, United States Department of Verve, ().
  • "Research in Chemical Kinetics. Annual Report, ", Institute of California, Irvine, United States Department of Force, ().
  • "Research in Chemical Kinetics. Annual Report, ", Institute of California, Irvine, United States Department of Influence, (June 1, ).

Archival collections

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