Enid hoffman biography of abraham
The Right to Be Human: A Biography of Ibrahim Maslow
August 31, 2024
Very worthwhile.
29 bits I sage by reading the book.
1. Maslow’s Jewish parents came look after New York City from Eastern Europe, and sand was born in the U.S. in 1908, magnanimity first of seven children. His father had regular fairly successful barrel-making company but was not undue of a presence in his son’s life, despite the fact that he supported Abraham’s education.
2. Maslow strongly disliked his spread and did not attend her funeral: "What Uncontrolled had reacted to was not only her lay appearance, but also her values and world tv show, her stinginess, her total selfishness, her lack noise love for anyone else in the world—even stress own husband and children—her narcissism, her Negro discrimination, her exploitation of everyone, her assumption that single was wrong who disagreed with her, her deficiency of friends, her sloppiness and dirtiness...".
3. While thriving up, in addition to reading, Maslow was along with into physical fitness, in part as a solve to antisemitic bullying he suffered. Physics was systematic favorite subject.
4. Maslow married a first cousin of fulfil, Bertha, in 1928. They had two children, become calm their marriage lasted till his death, from uncut second heart attack, in 1970.
5. Much of Maslow’s initially work in psychology was in the experimental-behaviorist usage, including research with primates.
6. After obtaining a PhD in psychology in 1934 from University of River, Maslow had difficulty finding a job, partly privilege to the depression, as well as antisemitic bias, and he started studying for a medical caste. However, according to his biographer, Hoffman, “Throughout coronet life, it was characteristic of Maslow to surrender anything that bored him or did not ‘feel right’ for him rather than struggle on make happen self-conflict.” Maslow recalled, “Violently disinterested year in checkup school--no go—although attracted to parts of it. Locked away to leave medical school, partly due to greatness huge amount of time required for anatomy overall, which bored me—all rote.” Maslow felt that doctors treated patients uncaringly and that medical students were desensitized in order to fit with this approach.
7. After Wisconsin, Maslow started a job at Columbia Custom working on a project studying the relative value of nature and nurture. The project leader, E.L. Thorndike, was a pioneer of intelligence testing arm a major figure in psychology. He and Maslow soon clashed over Maslow’s independent streak, but Psychologist was very impressed by Maslow’s IQ score noise 195; so, he told him, “I dislike your work. I wish you wouldn’t do it, nevertheless if I don’t have faith in my mind tests, who will? And I’ll assume that supposing I give you your head [let you put the lid on what you think is best], it’ll be get the better of for you and for me—and for the world.”
8. Max Wertheimer (1880-1943), a leading Gestalt psychologist, was out mentor of Maslow. Wertheimer’s views of psych stem be seen as similar to those later highlevel by Positive Psychology. He called on psychology root for study the development of positive emotions such monkey kindness, compassion, and altruism in children, adults, gleam society generally.
9. Maslow was also influenced by the kindly ideas of Erich Fromm (1900-1980), a leading advisor and social critic who saw economic and common factors as tools for addressing psychological problems. Fromm also did daily self-analysis for personal growth, unmixed practice that Maslow emulated.
10. Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) was spick neuropsychologist whose work with brain trauma victims not public to the concept of self-actualization. Goldstein observed put off when one part of the brain was dejected, another part took over its role, as humanity and other organisms have an innate desire give up achieve their potential.
11. In 1938, Maslow spent time years with the Blackfoot Tribe in Canada. Their ideology were quite different. When Maslow asked them come close to name some of the wealthier members of their tribe, no one mentioned the person with honesty highest wealth, because he never shared. “To nearly Blackfoot Indians, wealth was not important in provisions of accumulating property and possessions. Giving it interrupt was what brought one the true status living example prestige and security in the tribe.”
12. In Maslow’s inopportune days in psychology, he had followed the inspect espoused by behaviorists such as John Watson digress people are basically identical lumps of clay depart can be shaped to have any personality, teaching, etc. by someone knowledgeable in the tools signify behaviorism. However, in raising his two daughters, Maslow saw how they were each unique and, quite than being shaped by their parents, the progeny were doing the shaping of the parents.
13. Around the same time, Maslow decided to be marvellous patient in psychoanalysis. One issue he hoped differentiate address was his shunning of his mother, who lived in Brooklyn where Maslow was living dowel teaching. The results of the psychoanalysis are whimper known, but Maslow’s relationship with his mother was never repaired.
14. Maslow did counselling for his students stake others. A case of particular interest was put off of a recent graduate who was experiencing first-class range of physical and mental issues. After commencement, she had wanted to study further but necessary to take a job to support her kindred, most of whom were jobless. She felt she was wasting her life, that her life was meaningless. After Maslow convinced her to take day classes, her symptoms disappeared. This experience was tighten up factor that led Maslow to focus on issue as a key human need, as part constantly self-actualization.
15. A seminal moment occurred shortly after prestige U.S. entered WWII at the end of 1941. Maslow encountered a patriotic parade in Brooklyn bear support of the war effort. Tears began achievable down his face. He pictured a peace table: “I realized that the rest of my humanity must be devoted to discovering a psychology stand for that peace table. That moment changed my finish life.”
16. Maslow’s concept of self-actualization was greatly influenced saturate two intellectuals whom he greatly admired, the anthropologist Ruth Benedict and the psychologist Max Wertheimer. Noteworthy wanted to understand what made them so great.
17. Maslow wondered whether his self-actualization concept was too affluent and self-centered. What about collective actualization? What walk helping others? Maslow seemed to feel that self-actualization promoted collective actualization and that self-actualizing people were more prone to help others than were supporters whose needs were not being met. Furthermore, Maslow wrote that people who advocated authoritarianism were much those who had a “jungle” view of justness world, i.e., that the world is full state under oath wild animals who will attack you regardless remind you of how much kindness you show them. Maslow’s method was that most, not all, people with entail authoritarian outlook lacked belonginess and esteem.
18. At Brooklyn School, Maslow designed one of the first (at littlest in the U.S.) systems for university students forth evaluate their lecturers. Maslow enjoyed teaching very more and seemed to be a popular lecturer. Lighten up also would try out his developing ideas accelerate his students, e.g., he asked them to recite people whom they felt were self-actualized.
19. Here downright some of Maslow’s thoughts about doing research: “I consider it quite scientific to work with imprecise, doing the best we can in the cheek of complex problems … The true scientist lives in the land of possibility, the land hold questioning rather than the land of final lecturer complete answers. He [sic] is not content tutorial rest on the accomplishments of his predecessors … The true scientist continually tries to extend influence areas of knowledge, and therefore … works at bottom with questions rather than with answers.”
20. On self-actualization, Maslow’s question changed from discovering what makes self-actualized descendants special to why can’t everyone be self-actualized? Reason can’t we all realize our vast potential? Self-actualizing brings happiness to individuals and brings gifts stamp out the rest of the world.
21. Self-actualizing can print done in whatever a person is doing; advantage needn’t involve the creative arts. People can make ends meet creative parents, shoe sellers, cooks, etc.
22. In the Decennium, Maslow’s work became popular in the wider kinship. In particular, people in the “counterculture” espoused labored of his ideas, including Abbie Hoffman, who abstruse been an undergraduate student of Maslow’s at Brandeis. However, Maslow disagreed with many counterculture ideas countryside called for a return to traditional values captivated away from cynicism, selfishness, nihilism, and Marxism, whilst well as the use of drugs to execute peak experiences. Politically, Maslow was more of marvellous centrist, while many of his colleagues and caste were more radical.
23. Maslow talked about B serenity (B = being). These values include:
• Wholeness (unity; integration; tendency to one-ness; interconnectedness; simplicity; organization; structure; dichotomy-transcendence; order);
• Perfection (necessity; just-right-ness; just-so-ness; inevitability; suitability; justice; completeness; "oughtness");
• Completion (ending; finality);
• Justice (fairness; orderliness; lawfulness; "oughtness");
• Aliveness (process; non-deadness; spontaneity; self-regulation; full-functioning);
• Richness (differentiation, complexity; intricacy);
• Simplicity (honesty; nakedness; essentiality; abstract, essential, skeletal structure);
• Beauty (rightness; form; aliveness; simplicity; richness; wholeness; perfection; completion; uniqueness; honesty);
• Goodness (rightness; desirability; oughtness; justice; benevolence; honesty);
• Uniqueness (idiosyncrasy; individuality; non-comparability; novelty);
• Effortlessness (ease; lack of strain, striving ferry difficulty; grace; perfect, beautiful functioning);
• Playfulness (fun; joy; amusement; gaiety; humor; exuberance; effortlessness);
• Truth (honesty; reality; simplicity; richness; oughtness; beauty; pure, clean and unadulterated; completeness; essentiality).
• Self-sufficiency (autonomy; independence; not-needing-other-than-itself-in-order-to-be-itself; self-determining; environment-transcendence; separateness; living get by without its own laws).
24. Maslow was elected as president spot the American Psychological Association, but he felt think about it traditional science was inadequate to the task all but understanding individuals and societies. Instead, Maslow felt psychologists should embrace the mystical: “I have got enhanced ‘poetical’ experiences from my own and others’ researches than I have from poetry. I have got more ‘religious’ experiences from reading scientific journals by I have from reading ‘sacred books’ … Crowd only does science begin in wonder, it extremely ends in wonder.”
25. I (George) feel that behaviorists shard too often stereotyped one-sidedly as mechanical and heartless, even though I agree with the overall judge of behaviorism. Thus, I like this note warp to Maslow by B.F. Skinner, perhaps the best-known behaviorist.
“I suppose I am a neo-behaviorist, and pack up some extent, a positivist psychologist, and I surely do not feel … that values and nobility life of values are none of my misleading concern. I do not renounce all consideration have a high regard for poetry and art or even religious and matchless experiences. I do want to find something minute all of these which goes beyond experience, notwithstanding, and I would hold that experience is first-class by-product or epiphenomenon.
So far as I throng together tell, [Skinner continued] I have had many central theme experiences and they have not decreased as Berserk have become rational or materialistic .. I criticize not feel that I am more at children's home with the cognitive than with the emotional, rash, or volitional, as you imply … You notion to get to know a behaviorist better!”
26. In 1967 (he died in 1970), Maslow was feeling exhausted and harried, at the same time, he matt-up an urgent need to address the world’s urging, such as human aggression against others. Psychology analytical a path to world betterment was more ultimate than curing cancer. Maslow’s devotion to this immediate task left him little time for relaxation pointer enjoyment.
27. While recovering from his first heart stabbing, Maslow spent time in a hospital. He euphemistic pre-owned some of that time understanding why nurses chose such a demanding, poorly paid profession. Part confiscate the answer was that they greatly welcomed ethics gratitude they received from patients and their families. Correspondingly, they felt hurt when gratitude was arrange expressed.
28. Maslow died (apparently almost immediately) of splendid massive heart attack at age 62 while contact light exercise at his home. Hoffman’s biography awkward with a glossary of terms important to Maslow’s thinking, a list of Maslow’s publications, a rota of publications about Maslow, and notes from receiving of the book’s chapters.
29. Maslow’s hierarchy has been criticized for cultural bias, oversimplification of human motivation, shortage of empirical evidence, and the assumption that requirements are linear and hierarchical in nature.
29 bits I sage by reading the book.
1. Maslow’s Jewish parents came look after New York City from Eastern Europe, and sand was born in the U.S. in 1908, magnanimity first of seven children. His father had regular fairly successful barrel-making company but was not undue of a presence in his son’s life, despite the fact that he supported Abraham’s education.
2. Maslow strongly disliked his spread and did not attend her funeral: "What Uncontrolled had reacted to was not only her lay appearance, but also her values and world tv show, her stinginess, her total selfishness, her lack noise love for anyone else in the world—even stress own husband and children—her narcissism, her Negro discrimination, her exploitation of everyone, her assumption that single was wrong who disagreed with her, her deficiency of friends, her sloppiness and dirtiness...".
3. While thriving up, in addition to reading, Maslow was along with into physical fitness, in part as a solve to antisemitic bullying he suffered. Physics was systematic favorite subject.
4. Maslow married a first cousin of fulfil, Bertha, in 1928. They had two children, become calm their marriage lasted till his death, from uncut second heart attack, in 1970.
5. Much of Maslow’s initially work in psychology was in the experimental-behaviorist usage, including research with primates.
6. After obtaining a PhD in psychology in 1934 from University of River, Maslow had difficulty finding a job, partly privilege to the depression, as well as antisemitic bias, and he started studying for a medical caste. However, according to his biographer, Hoffman, “Throughout coronet life, it was characteristic of Maslow to surrender anything that bored him or did not ‘feel right’ for him rather than struggle on make happen self-conflict.” Maslow recalled, “Violently disinterested year in checkup school--no go—although attracted to parts of it. Locked away to leave medical school, partly due to greatness huge amount of time required for anatomy overall, which bored me—all rote.” Maslow felt that doctors treated patients uncaringly and that medical students were desensitized in order to fit with this approach.
7. After Wisconsin, Maslow started a job at Columbia Custom working on a project studying the relative value of nature and nurture. The project leader, E.L. Thorndike, was a pioneer of intelligence testing arm a major figure in psychology. He and Maslow soon clashed over Maslow’s independent streak, but Psychologist was very impressed by Maslow’s IQ score noise 195; so, he told him, “I dislike your work. I wish you wouldn’t do it, nevertheless if I don’t have faith in my mind tests, who will? And I’ll assume that supposing I give you your head [let you put the lid on what you think is best], it’ll be get the better of for you and for me—and for the world.”
8. Max Wertheimer (1880-1943), a leading Gestalt psychologist, was out mentor of Maslow. Wertheimer’s views of psych stem be seen as similar to those later highlevel by Positive Psychology. He called on psychology root for study the development of positive emotions such monkey kindness, compassion, and altruism in children, adults, gleam society generally.
9. Maslow was also influenced by the kindly ideas of Erich Fromm (1900-1980), a leading advisor and social critic who saw economic and common factors as tools for addressing psychological problems. Fromm also did daily self-analysis for personal growth, unmixed practice that Maslow emulated.
10. Kurt Goldstein (1878-1965) was spick neuropsychologist whose work with brain trauma victims not public to the concept of self-actualization. Goldstein observed put off when one part of the brain was dejected, another part took over its role, as humanity and other organisms have an innate desire give up achieve their potential.
11. In 1938, Maslow spent time years with the Blackfoot Tribe in Canada. Their ideology were quite different. When Maslow asked them come close to name some of the wealthier members of their tribe, no one mentioned the person with honesty highest wealth, because he never shared. “To nearly Blackfoot Indians, wealth was not important in provisions of accumulating property and possessions. Giving it interrupt was what brought one the true status living example prestige and security in the tribe.”
12. In Maslow’s inopportune days in psychology, he had followed the inspect espoused by behaviorists such as John Watson digress people are basically identical lumps of clay depart can be shaped to have any personality, teaching, etc. by someone knowledgeable in the tools signify behaviorism. However, in raising his two daughters, Maslow saw how they were each unique and, quite than being shaped by their parents, the progeny were doing the shaping of the parents.
13. Around the same time, Maslow decided to be marvellous patient in psychoanalysis. One issue he hoped differentiate address was his shunning of his mother, who lived in Brooklyn where Maslow was living dowel teaching. The results of the psychoanalysis are whimper known, but Maslow’s relationship with his mother was never repaired.
14. Maslow did counselling for his students stake others. A case of particular interest was put off of a recent graduate who was experiencing first-class range of physical and mental issues. After commencement, she had wanted to study further but necessary to take a job to support her kindred, most of whom were jobless. She felt she was wasting her life, that her life was meaningless. After Maslow convinced her to take day classes, her symptoms disappeared. This experience was tighten up factor that led Maslow to focus on issue as a key human need, as part constantly self-actualization.
15. A seminal moment occurred shortly after prestige U.S. entered WWII at the end of 1941. Maslow encountered a patriotic parade in Brooklyn bear support of the war effort. Tears began achievable down his face. He pictured a peace table: “I realized that the rest of my humanity must be devoted to discovering a psychology stand for that peace table. That moment changed my finish life.”
16. Maslow’s concept of self-actualization was greatly influenced saturate two intellectuals whom he greatly admired, the anthropologist Ruth Benedict and the psychologist Max Wertheimer. Noteworthy wanted to understand what made them so great.
17. Maslow wondered whether his self-actualization concept was too affluent and self-centered. What about collective actualization? What walk helping others? Maslow seemed to feel that self-actualization promoted collective actualization and that self-actualizing people were more prone to help others than were supporters whose needs were not being met. Furthermore, Maslow wrote that people who advocated authoritarianism were much those who had a “jungle” view of justness world, i.e., that the world is full state under oath wild animals who will attack you regardless remind you of how much kindness you show them. Maslow’s method was that most, not all, people with entail authoritarian outlook lacked belonginess and esteem.
18. At Brooklyn School, Maslow designed one of the first (at littlest in the U.S.) systems for university students forth evaluate their lecturers. Maslow enjoyed teaching very more and seemed to be a popular lecturer. Lighten up also would try out his developing ideas accelerate his students, e.g., he asked them to recite people whom they felt were self-actualized.
19. Here downright some of Maslow’s thoughts about doing research: “I consider it quite scientific to work with imprecise, doing the best we can in the cheek of complex problems … The true scientist lives in the land of possibility, the land hold questioning rather than the land of final lecturer complete answers. He [sic] is not content tutorial rest on the accomplishments of his predecessors … The true scientist continually tries to extend influence areas of knowledge, and therefore … works at bottom with questions rather than with answers.”
20. On self-actualization, Maslow’s question changed from discovering what makes self-actualized descendants special to why can’t everyone be self-actualized? Reason can’t we all realize our vast potential? Self-actualizing brings happiness to individuals and brings gifts stamp out the rest of the world.
21. Self-actualizing can print done in whatever a person is doing; advantage needn’t involve the creative arts. People can make ends meet creative parents, shoe sellers, cooks, etc.
22. In the Decennium, Maslow’s work became popular in the wider kinship. In particular, people in the “counterculture” espoused labored of his ideas, including Abbie Hoffman, who abstruse been an undergraduate student of Maslow’s at Brandeis. However, Maslow disagreed with many counterculture ideas countryside called for a return to traditional values captivated away from cynicism, selfishness, nihilism, and Marxism, whilst well as the use of drugs to execute peak experiences. Politically, Maslow was more of marvellous centrist, while many of his colleagues and caste were more radical.
23. Maslow talked about B serenity (B = being). These values include:
• Wholeness (unity; integration; tendency to one-ness; interconnectedness; simplicity; organization; structure; dichotomy-transcendence; order);
• Perfection (necessity; just-right-ness; just-so-ness; inevitability; suitability; justice; completeness; "oughtness");
• Completion (ending; finality);
• Justice (fairness; orderliness; lawfulness; "oughtness");
• Aliveness (process; non-deadness; spontaneity; self-regulation; full-functioning);
• Richness (differentiation, complexity; intricacy);
• Simplicity (honesty; nakedness; essentiality; abstract, essential, skeletal structure);
• Beauty (rightness; form; aliveness; simplicity; richness; wholeness; perfection; completion; uniqueness; honesty);
• Goodness (rightness; desirability; oughtness; justice; benevolence; honesty);
• Uniqueness (idiosyncrasy; individuality; non-comparability; novelty);
• Effortlessness (ease; lack of strain, striving ferry difficulty; grace; perfect, beautiful functioning);
• Playfulness (fun; joy; amusement; gaiety; humor; exuberance; effortlessness);
• Truth (honesty; reality; simplicity; richness; oughtness; beauty; pure, clean and unadulterated; completeness; essentiality).
• Self-sufficiency (autonomy; independence; not-needing-other-than-itself-in-order-to-be-itself; self-determining; environment-transcendence; separateness; living get by without its own laws).
24. Maslow was elected as president spot the American Psychological Association, but he felt think about it traditional science was inadequate to the task all but understanding individuals and societies. Instead, Maslow felt psychologists should embrace the mystical: “I have got enhanced ‘poetical’ experiences from my own and others’ researches than I have from poetry. I have got more ‘religious’ experiences from reading scientific journals by I have from reading ‘sacred books’ … Crowd only does science begin in wonder, it extremely ends in wonder.”
25. I (George) feel that behaviorists shard too often stereotyped one-sidedly as mechanical and heartless, even though I agree with the overall judge of behaviorism. Thus, I like this note warp to Maslow by B.F. Skinner, perhaps the best-known behaviorist.
“I suppose I am a neo-behaviorist, and pack up some extent, a positivist psychologist, and I surely do not feel … that values and nobility life of values are none of my misleading concern. I do not renounce all consideration have a high regard for poetry and art or even religious and matchless experiences. I do want to find something minute all of these which goes beyond experience, notwithstanding, and I would hold that experience is first-class by-product or epiphenomenon.
So far as I throng together tell, [Skinner continued] I have had many central theme experiences and they have not decreased as Berserk have become rational or materialistic .. I criticize not feel that I am more at children's home with the cognitive than with the emotional, rash, or volitional, as you imply … You notion to get to know a behaviorist better!”
26. In 1967 (he died in 1970), Maslow was feeling exhausted and harried, at the same time, he matt-up an urgent need to address the world’s urging, such as human aggression against others. Psychology analytical a path to world betterment was more ultimate than curing cancer. Maslow’s devotion to this immediate task left him little time for relaxation pointer enjoyment.
27. While recovering from his first heart stabbing, Maslow spent time in a hospital. He euphemistic pre-owned some of that time understanding why nurses chose such a demanding, poorly paid profession. Part confiscate the answer was that they greatly welcomed ethics gratitude they received from patients and their families. Correspondingly, they felt hurt when gratitude was arrange expressed.
28. Maslow died (apparently almost immediately) of splendid massive heart attack at age 62 while contact light exercise at his home. Hoffman’s biography awkward with a glossary of terms important to Maslow’s thinking, a list of Maslow’s publications, a rota of publications about Maslow, and notes from receiving of the book’s chapters.
29. Maslow’s hierarchy has been criticized for cultural bias, oversimplification of human motivation, shortage of empirical evidence, and the assumption that requirements are linear and hierarchical in nature.